Closed-loop brain-behavior system Computational Neuroscience

Description

Description

Spatial navigation is a common ability among animals because almost all animals are required to move from one location to another for survival and reproduction. Therefore it is not surprising that many neural populations in the brain of mammals exhibit activity that is correlated with spatial variables. Computational modeling studies have suggested how patterns of neural activity emerge given the biological constrains of neuronal networks in the hippocampal formation. However, much less is known about the functional role of different aspects of neural spatial representations in driving complex spatial learning and navigation that have been studied in parallel in behavioral experiments. Here, we built on an existing computational modeling tool-chain and extended it to study neuronal activity in the hippocampal formation and their effect on spatial learning and navigation in a closed-loop simulation. We are developing a closed-loop system associating neural activity to behavior and vice versa. The neural network in our system is biologically realistic, therefore, its predictions potentially improve our understanding of the particular brain regions we include in our system. We use spiking neurons as building blocks of the neural network and for simulating this neural network we use NEST, which is a widely used simulator in computational neuroscience community worldwide (www.nest-simulator.org). We offer projects at bachelor and master level to further develop this system incrementally by adding neural networks that mimic the activity of particular brain regions that are involved in particular functions. These functions include (but not limited to) reward learning (reinforcement learning in biology), goal-directed spatial navigation and decision making.

Required skill:

Very good programming skill is required (preferably in Python).

Literature:

Supervisors:

Prof. Dr. Sen Cheng and Behnam Ghazinouri

The Institut für Neuroinformatik (INI) is a central research unit of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum. We aim to understand the fundamental principles through which organisms generate behavior and cognition while linked to their environments through sensory systems and while acting in those environments through effector systems. Inspired by our insights into such natural cognitive systems, we seek new solutions to problems of information processing in artificial cognitive systems. We draw from a variety of disciplines that include experimental approaches from psychology and neurophysiology as well as theoretical approaches from physics, mathematics, electrical engineering and applied computer science, in particular machine learning, artificial intelligence, and computer vision.

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