Research Project (1993, 1994)
Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching
Laurenz Wiskott, Jean-Marc Fellous, Norbert Krüger, and Christoph von der Malsburg
Face recognition is an example of an in-class recognition task. All models
in the gallery have the same geometrical structure. We have therefore defined
labeled graphs which are tailored to this
structure. Since we want to recognize faces from different views, the nodes of
the graphs consistently refer to particular fiducial points, such as the eyes,
the tip of the nose, some contour points, etc., see the figure.
Figure: Graphs for faces in different views.
Since the system has to deal with large galleries, we could not afford
to match each model to a new face separately, as was done in the preceding
system [LadVorBuh93]. Instead,
a more general face representation, the face
bunch graph, was constituted from 70 models. This is then matched only
once on a new face to find the facial landmarks. The image graph, which is
created by this elastic graph
matching can then be compared to large galleries of several hundred
faces without need of repeated matching.
The recognition results of this system are good on identical poses,
e.g. frontal views against frontal views. However, across different poses,
e.g. frontal views against half profiles, the system performs rather poorly.
This task turned out to be much harder.
Relevant Publications:
Black colored reference are the principal
ones. Gray colored references are listed for the
sake of completeness only. They contain little additional
information. .ps-files are optimized for printing; .pdf-files are
optimized for viewing at the computer.
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Wiskott, L. and von der Malsburg, C. (13. May 2003).
Labeled bunch graphs for image analysis.
United States Patent 6,563,950.
(bibtex, abstract.html, paper)
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Wiskott, L. and von der Malsburg, C. (12. March 2002).
Labeled bunch graphs for image analysis.
United States Patent 6,356,659.
(bibtex, abstract.html, paper)
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Wiskott, L. and von der Malsburg, C. (24. April 2001).
Labeled bunch graphs for image analysis.
United States Patent 6,222,939.
(bibtex, abstract.html, paper)
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Wiskott, L., Fellous, J.M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (1999).
Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching.
In Intelligent Biometric Techniques in
Fingerprint and Face Recognition, eds. L.C. Jain et al., publ. CRC
Press, ISBN 0-8493-2055-0, Chapter 11, pp. 355-396.
(bibtex, abstract.html, paper.pdf, paper.ps.gz)
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Wiskott, L., Fellous, J.M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (26. October 1997).
Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching.
Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. on Image Processing,
ICIP'97, Santa Barbara, Oct. 26-29, vol. I
pp. 129-132.
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Wiskott, L., Fellous, J.M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (10. September 1997).
Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching.
Proc. 7th Int'l Conf. on Computer Analysis of
Images and Patterns, CAIP'97, Kiel, Sep. 10-12, eds. G. Sommer,
K. Daniilidis, and J. Pauli, number 1296 in Lecture Notes in Computer
Science, publ. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg,
pp. 456-463.
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Fellous, J.M., Wiskott, L., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (1997).
Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching.
Proc. Int'l Conf. on Vision, Recognition, Action:
Neural Models of Mind and Machine, Boston, May 28-31, publ. Boston
University, (abstract).
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Wiskott, L., Fellous, J.M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (1997).
Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching.
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
Intelligence, 19(7):775-779.
(bibtex, abstract.html, paper.ps.gz)
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Wiskott, L., Fellous, J.M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (1996).
Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching.
Internal report, IR-INI 96-08, Institut für
Neuroinformatik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany, 21
pages.
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Wiskott, L. (1995).
Labeled graphs and dynamic link matching for face recognition and scene
analysis.
Verlag Harri Deutsch, Thun - Frankfurt am Main, Reihe Physik
53 (PhD thesis), ISBN 3-8171-1481-8, 110 pages.
(bibtex, abstract.html, paper.pdf, paper.ps.gz)
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Wiskott, L., Fellous, J.M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (1995).
Face recognition and gender determination.
Proc. Int'l Workshop on Automatic Face- and
Gesture- Recognition, IWAFGR'95, Zurich, June 26-28, ed. Martin
Bichsel, publ. MultiMedia Laboratory, University of Zurich,
pp. 92-97.
(bibtex, abstract.html, paper.ps.gz, paper.ps.gz, paper)
Related Projects:
setup April, 1996; updated April 14, 2005
Laurenz Wiskott, http://www.neuroinformatik.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/PEOPLE/wiskott/