Research Project (2003-2007)
Slowness and sparseness lead to place, head-direction, and spatial-view cells
Mathias Franzius, Henning Sprekeler, and Laurenz Wiskott
If a rat runs around in a cage with textured walls and floor, its visual
input varyies quickly while its position varies relatively slowly. If the
visual environment is rich enough, there is a one-to-one mapping between
the visual input and the position. Thus, it should be possible to use the
slowness principle to extract from the quickly varying visual input the
more slowly varying position of the rat. Applying slow feature analysis to
the visual input of a simulated rat indeed extracts spatial information
resembling grid cells. Applying a linear transformation maximizing
sparseness, see project page Sparseness yields
place cells from grid cells, then leads to units similar to place
cells. With the same network but with different movement statistics one
can similarly get units resembling head-direction cells and spatial-view
cells.
Figure 1: Overview of the simulation setup and network
architecture. Left: Top view of the simulated rat (red arrow) in the
textured cage. Bottom: Visual input of the rat at the current
position. Right: Architecture of the hierarchical SFA-network for
learning grid-like units and subsequently place-like units.
Figure 2: Place cell receptive fields. Left: Place fields
emerging from the network simulation driven only by visual input like that
in figure 1. Right: Place fields from an experiment (Wilson &
McNaughton), arranged such that they optimally match the simulation
results.
Relevant Publications:
Black colored reference are the principal
ones. Gray colored references are listed for the
sake of completeness only. They contain little additional
information. .ps-files are optimized for printing; .pdf-files are
optimized for viewing at the computer.
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Wiskott, L., Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Appleby, P.A. (13. September 2009).
Self-organization of place cells with slowness, sparseness, and neurogenesis
Proc. 41st European Brain and Behaviour Society, EBBS,
Rhodes Island, Greece, September 13 - 18, special
issue of Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.08.2009.09.062 (abstract).
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Wiskott, L. (1. November 2007).
Slowness and sparseness lead to place-, head direction-, and spatial-view cells
Proc. 3rd Annual Computational Cognitive Neuroscience Conference, San Diego, CA, USA, November 1-2, ed. Suzanna Becker et al., p. III-8 (abstract).
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Wiskott, L. (31. August 2007).
Slowness and Sparseness Lead to Place, Head-Direction, and Spatial-View Cells.
PLoS Computational Biology 3(8):e166, doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030166.
(bibtex, abstract.html, paper, paper.pdf)
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Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Wiskott, L. (26. April 2007).
Unsupervised Learning of Place Cells, Head-Direction Cells, and Spatial-View Cells with Slow Feature Analysis on Quasi-Natural Videos.
Cognitive Sciences EPrint Archive (CogPrints) 5492, http://cogprints.org/5492/.
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Wiskott, L. (29. March 2007).
Unsupervised learning of place cells and head direction cells with slow feature analysis.
Proc. 7th Meeting of the
German Neuroscience Society - 31st Göttingen Neurobiology Conference,
Göttingen, March 29 - April 1, TS19-1C (abstract).
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Wiskott, L. (19. March 2007).
Unsupervised learning of visually driven place cells in the hippocampus.
Kognitionsforschung 2007,
Beiträge zur 8. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Kognitionswissenschaft
(KogWis07), Saarbrücken, March 19-21, eds. C. Frings, A. Mecklinger,
B. Opitz, M. Pospeschill, D. Wentura, H.D. Zimmer, publ. Shaker Verlag,
Aachen, p. 60 (abstract).
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Wiskott, L. (1. October 2006).
Slowness leads to place cells.
Proc. 2nd Bernstein Symposium for Computational Neuroscience 2006, Berlin, October 1-3, publ. Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (BCCN) Berlin, p. 45, (abstract).
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Wiskott, L. (16. July 2006).
Slowness leads to place cells.
Proc. 15th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting, CNS 2006, Edinburgh, Scotland, July 16-20, poster T5, (abstract).
(bibtex, abstract.html)
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Franzius, M., Sprekeler, H., and Wiskott, L. (8. June 2006).
Slowness leads to place cells.
Proc. Berlin Neuroscience Forum 2006, Bad Liebenwalde, June 8-10, publ. Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, p. 42, (abstract).
(bibtex, abstract.html)
Related Projects:
setup December 14, 2006; updated August 26, 2009
Laurenz Wiskott, http://www.neuroinformatik.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/PEOPLE/wiskott/